City founded in the ninth century. It was granted urban statutes in 1245 by Count William II of Holland. Haarlem was an important commercial center because of its strategic position. During the 17th century, the city prospered, as can still be seen in its build ings and churches. Famous painters such as Frans Hals and Judith Leyster worked there. The manufacture and sale of drapery were important activities. Since 1840, Haarlem has been the capital of the province of Northern Holland (Noord-Holland). The town, which has about 147,000 inhabitants, has some beautiful old buildings, such as the town hall and the St. Bavo Church. Haarlem houses a fine collection of old and modern art and the splendid 18th-century collec tion of Teyler’s Museum situated along the River Spaarne.
Historical Dictionary of the Netherlands. EdwART. 2012.