Akademik

* * *

1. A salt or ester of phosphoric acid. For individual phosphates not listed here, see under the name of the base. 2. The trivalent ion, PO₄³⁻.

- bone p. SYN: tribasic calcium p..

- codeine p. a water-soluble salt of codeine often used in the pharmaceutical preparation of codeine-containing liquid medications.

- cyclic p. SYN: adenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate.

- dihydrogen p. one-third-neutralized phosphoric acid; e.g., NaH₂PO₄, KH₂PO₄.

- disodium p. na₂HPO₄.

- energy-rich phosphates SYN: high-energy phosphates.

- high-energy phosphates those p. esters and phosphoanhydrides that, on hydrolysis, yield an unusually large amount of energy; e.g., nucleotide polyphosphates such as ATP, enol phosphates such as phosphoenolpyruvate. SEE ALSO: high-energy compounds, under compound. SYN: energy-rich phosphates.

- inorganic p. (Pi) SYN: inorganic orthophosphate.

- monopotassium p. KH₂PO₄; a dihydrogen p. used as a reagent; commonly used in buffers.

- monosodium p. NaH₂PO₄; a dihydrogen p. used as a reagent; commonly used in buffers.

- normal p. a salt of phosphoric acid or pyrophosphoric acid in which all the hydrogen atoms are displaced; e.g., Na₃PO₄, Na₄P₂O₇.

- organic p. an ester of phosphoric acid; e.g., glycerol p., adenosine p., hexose p..

- triple p. 1. magnesium ammonium p., MgNH₄PO₄; 2. a crude p. fertilizer product from p. rock and phosphoric acid.

- trisodium p. Na₃PO₄; used to emulsify fats, oil, and grease; an irritant.

phos·phate 'fäs-.fāt n

1 a) a salt or ester of a phosphoric acid

b) the trivalent anion PO₄^3- derived from phosphoric acid H₃PO₄

2) an organic compound of phosphoric acid in which the acid group is bound to nitrogen or a carboxyl group in a way that permits useful energy to be released (as in metabolism)